Photographic shutter.



No. 839,154. PATENTED DEC. 25, 1906.

R. KLEIN.

PHOTOGRAPHIG SHUTTER. APPLICATION rum) MAY 27; 1905.

3 8HEETS8HBET 1.

Witnesses.

PHOTOGRAPHIG SHUTTER. APPLIOATION 11.21) MAYZ'I, 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEETS.

f fi r Witnesses.

I u Attorn ey No. 839,154. P'ATENTED DEC. 25, 1906. R. KLEIN.

PHOTOGRAPHIG SHUTTER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 27. 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

5 u venfoz witnesses J I v a Qttoznug UNITED STAITES;

PATENT OFFICE.

RUDOLPH KLEIN, or ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO BAUSCH &

LOMB OPTICAL COMPANY, TION OF NEW YORK.

OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORA- PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 25, 1906.

Application filed my 27, 1905. Serial No. 262,570.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RUDOLPH KLEIN, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Photographic Shutters; and I do hereby declare the following, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and to the reference-numerals marked thereon.

My present invention relates toimprove ments in photographic shutters, and has for. its purpose to provide a shutter which can be made cheaply and which is ca able of making the so-called time, bulb, and instantaneous or snap-shot exposures, the mechanism being so sim lified as to insure the reliable operation of the parts for the different exposures.

To these and other ends my invention-con sists in certain improvements and combina-' tions and arrangements of parts that will be hereinafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed out particularly in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front eleva tion of a shutter constructed in accordance With my invention, the shutter-blades being shown closed. Fig. 2 is a view-of the shutter with the front late or cover removed, the shutter-blades Eeing shownopen with the mechanism in position for time exposure; Fig. 3 represents a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2, the parts being on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4 is a view of the under side of the front plate or. cover having the adjusting device thereon. Fig. 5 reoresents'a transverse section through the s utter on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1.' Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 show thesuccessive positions assumed by the parts during a 'manuallytimed exposure.

11 are sectional views of a portion of the shutter, showing the adjusting device set,"respec-' tively, for bulb and instantaneous exposures; and Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the latch connection'between the operating and master members. i j

The invention in its'present form is show-n as applied to ashutter of the type wherein the mechanism is contained Within a casing which is formed to receive the lenses and Figs. 10 and adapted to be secured to the camera-front, the casing in the present embodiment of the invention being formed of a hollow rear portion 1, adapted to inclose the shutter mech-' anism and provided with an attaching-tube for entering the camera and receiving the posterior lens elements, a cover 2 being fitted on the front of the casing and-provided with a portion formed to receive the anterior lens elements. Within this casing is provided a septum 3, at one side of which an adjustable diaphragm 4 of any desired form is arranged, an adjusting-ring 5 being attached to the latwhich is ocated at the exterior of the casing to enable the diaphragm to be readily adjusted to vary the size of the aperture between .the lens elements. On the opposite side of tion 11, fixed to an exposure member 12, the latter being pivoted at 13 and provided with an operating-spring 14, which normally tends to operate the exposuremember to close the shutter-blades, the free end of the ex osurc member being rovided with a pro ection ter and rovided-with an index-pointer 6,

14 and a'latera projection'15, which is beveled at one side. At one side of the casing is arranged a master 'member'16, which is preferably curved to enable it to fit compactly within the casing and is pivoted intermediately of its length, as at 17, a spring 18 being provided which normally tends to retain the said member in such a position that the stop 19 thereon rests against the adjacent wall of the casing.

Either end of the master member is capable of being displaced laterally relatively to its lane of motion, the end 20 thereof being ormed to spring laterally when passing "over the beveled or inclined portion of the projection '15 of the exposure member 12 while the master member is being operated against the action of its spring 18 and to engage behind the projection by returning to its normal plane after pasing the incline of the projection.

he opposite end 21- of the master member is formed with an incline, whereby the lateral projection 22 of the operating member 2?)" which is pivoted at 24, may ratchet over the ferating member toward operated position ent pivots and the master member is of a certain length rel-' respectively,

incline of the master member when the operating member is returning from operated position, and when the latter is moving toward its operated position it will operatively engagethe master member to operate the latter against the action of its spring. The operating member is preferably providedwith a spring 25' for returning it to normal positionafter being operated, as this requires the operator to move the said member in one direction only. I

The master, operating, and exposure members thus far described are suflicient for causing an instantaneous opening and closing of the shutter-blades, as each motion of the opwill causethe lateral projection 22 thereon to engage the master member, causing the latter to be operated about its pivot and .againstthe action of its spring 18 and the master member operating in 'the direction will cause the end 20 thereof to pass over the incline-of the projection '15 and enga e behind the latter. ter members are mounted to swing on diilerias the cooperating end 21 lot atively to the rojection 22 of the operating member and t e parts movein difierent arcs, the operating and master members will disengage inimediately after .the master member has moved sufficiently far for its end 20 to engage behind the projection of the exposuremember and the master member operating underthe action of its spring 18 will cause, the exposure member to operateagainst the action of its spring to open the shutterblades..' As-the master and operating member's-are-pivoted on different centers, the pro jection 15.- will disengage from the end of the mastermember after the operating member has 0 erated sufficiently to fully .open the shutter-b ades, and under the action of'the spring 14 the operating member will immediately. close; the shutter-blades.- However, it is. g'enerally'l desirable to provide for time and also bulb ex os'ur'es for the shutter, and therefore I emp oy controlling devices whereby the operation of the shutter-blades may be suitably controlled, so as to make. the desired exposures. In the present embodiment of my invention xthese controllin devi'ces'embody timeandbulb stops 26 an 26 p ,the latter being pivoted at a .pointintermediate itsjends, as at. 27, and is provided with aspring 28 normally operating to retain. the end 29 of the stop in engagement w th the projection 30 of the operating member and to move the heel 31-. of the stop into the path. of the projection 14. of the exposure member as the operating memberris' moved toward ,its exposed position, a cutaway portion, or recess 32 being provided in the stop near the heel 31 thereof for a purpose that will presently appear. The time-stop 26 is conveniently mounted on the same pivot 27 with the bulb-stop and is provided at one end with a heel 33, corresponding to the heel of the bulb-stop and arranged to swing in the path of the projection 1 1 member to prevent o eration of the latter to close the shutter, an

recess 35 'ther'einto receive the projection 30 member, a finger 36 being oi the o crating provide at one side of the recess which 13 nor- As the operating an masnially held in engagement with the projecof the exposure an abutment 34; being arranged adjacent to the heel to cooperate tion 30 of the operating member iinder the action of a spring 37. Adjacent to the heel 33 of the time-stop acut-away portion is formed of a length less than that ofthe bulb-stop for a purpose to be eficy of the bulb and time stops operating under the action of their respective springsis to move their heels into the path ofthe rojection 14 of the exposure member, andt eir operation is controlled by the projection 30 of the operating member and by the'projection 38, carried on a rotatable ring 39, which is mounted to turn about the shoulder 40 at the rear side of the cover, a hand or pointer 41 being attached to the adjusting-ring and extended through the casing to cooperate with an index or scale 42 and for enab ing the o erator to readily adjust the shutter for t e difierent exposures. I

Time exposures with a shutter of the kind hereinbefore described are obtainedby setting the pointer at themark T of the scale 42. By referring to Figs; 6 to 9 of the drawings it will be observed that the projection-38: at this portion and engages above the projection 15v of the exposuremember 12. Continuedniotion of the operating member toward its operated position will cause the projection .22 of the operatin member to immediately disengage from t e up er end 21 of the master member, and the atter operating under the action ofits, spring-18 Wlll. o crate the exposure member: to open thesutter-blades,

.andat this point in the motion oftheem eposure member the projection 15 thereon Wlll move ofi the end 20 of the master member.

described. The normal tend- During the time the master member is being thus operated to open the shutter-blades thethe exposure member to retain the latter in operated position with the shutter-blades open As the operating member returns toward its normal position under the action of its spring after being released the projection 30 thereon cooperating with the engaging portion 29 of the bulb-stop will depress the latter, causing the heel thereof to be drawn out of its position above the projection 14* of the operating member, but simultaneously with the retraction of the bulb-stop theproj ection 30 of the operating member cooperating with the finger 36 of the time-stop will move in such a path as to allow the latter under the action of its spring to move its heel portion across the path of the projection 14 of the exposure member just before the heel of the bulb-stop disengages therefrom, and the return motion of the operating-member will be arrested by the projection 30 thereon resting in the recess 35 of the time-stop, and

this will prevent the projection 22 from ongaging the corresponding portion 21 of the master member to operateit, the positions of the parts at this time being shown in Fig. 9. The heel of the bulb-stop projects somewhat beyond that of the time-stop, and consequently at the next operation of the operating member the projection 30 of the latter cooperating with the finger 36 of the timestop will cause the latter to swing back and withdraw its heel from engagement with the projection 14 of the exposure member, the heel of the bulb-stop during this operation projecting somewhat beyond the heel of the time-stop and abutting aga nst the side of the projection 14- and being thereby prevented from moving into the path of motion of this projection, and therefore when the operating member has been depressed sufficiently far the heel of the time-stop will be completely withdrawn from the path of the projection 14, and the exposing member 12 operating under the action of its spring will close theshutterblades, the operating member being free to return to normal positlon, so that its projection 22 is in rea'dmess to cooperate with the engaging portion 21 of the master member for the next exposure.

Bulb exposures are obtained by setting the pointer to the mark B on the index-plate of the cover, as this will shift the projection projection 30 of the operating member coop erating with the portion 29 of the bulb-stop will move up and permit the bulb-stop to operate under its spring, so that its heel will extend into the path of the projection 14 of. the exposure member, and as the exposuremember is operated by the master member the projection 14 thereon will pass the heel of the bulb-stop, which is held by spring-pressure, and will engage behind it, and thus retain the shutter-blades open during the time the operating member remains in operated position. When the operating member is released and returns to normal position, the projection 30 thereon will operate upon the bulb-stop to retract the heel thereof from the path of theiprojection 14 of the exposure member, permitting the latter to operate under its spring to close the shutter-blades.

Instantaneous exposures are obtained by setting the pointer to the mark I on the index, and by referring to Fig. 11 it will be understood that this adjustment of the pointer will bring the projection 38 into position to engage and prevent the operation of either the bulb or time stop, and. consequently when the operating member is depressed the master member will be operated, causing the portion 20 of the master member to ride over the incline of the projection 15 and engage behind the latter, and as the projection 22 of the operating member disengages from the portion 21 of the master member the latter, operating under the action of its superior spring 18, will cause the exposure member to be operated against the action of its comparativelyweaker spring to open the shutter-blades. As the projection 15 of the exposure member and the cooperating portion 20 of the master member move in differ- ITO ent arcs, they will disengage t a predetermined point while the shutter-blades are fully open, and the exposure member will immediately operate under the action of its spring to close the shutter-blades. At this time both the bulb and time stops are held out of the path of the projection 14 of the exposure member, and therefore the latter is free to operate under the action of the maste anember.

The shutter is preferably provided with the ordinary cylinder or motor 43 for the attach ment of the bulb and tube when it is desirable to operate the shutter in this way, the piston or plunger 44 being arranged to operate a lever 45, pivoted to the cover at 46 and provided with-a projection 47, arranged to operate on the arm 480i. the operating member to cause operation-of the. latter in .the Well-known way.

By beveling or inclining the portion 2110f the master member so that it will form an wouldrender the mechanism more complicated and costly, and a similar connection is provided between the master member and I the operating member byproviding the latter with thebeveled pin 15, which permits the end of the master member to pass-it in moving in one direction, but forms an-operative connection with it in moving in the opposite direction,

A photographlc shutter constructed in. ac-

cordanee with mymvention consists-of alfew.

simple parts whichare so formed and arranged as to insure positive and reliableop 'eration of the shutter for either the timebulb or instantaneous exposures by the manipulation of a single part, and-as the few parts of the shutterean be'cheaply :formed .and readily assembled thecost ofimanufac turin shutters of this kind ismaterially re duce I claim asmy :invention- 1.. v In a. hotographic shutter, the combination wit theshutter-bl-ades, of amaster member for-operatingthe blades, ahd a stop for controlling theoperation of the shutterblades independently of the masteramember. 2. In a hotographic shutter, the combination wit the movable shutter-blades, a spring actuated exposure member normally close them, of a master member operating to for operating the exposure member to open the blades, and a movable stop forcontrolling the operation of the exposure member in ependently of the master member.

3. In a Ephotographic shutter, nationwit the-movable shutter-blades, and a spring-actuated exposure member normally operating to close them, of amaster member for operating the exposure member in one direction only to open the blades, and a mov-' able stop for controlling theo eration of the exposure member in closing t is blades.

4. In a hotographic shutter, the combination-wit the movable shutter-blades, and a pivoted exposurememberfor operating the blades, connection with the exposure-member for opmember movable and the combi -nationwiththe movable shutter-blades,

-a spring-actuated exposure member for operating the blades,

of a master member having a'latch crating it and a stop for controlling the operation of the exposure member.

5. In a iphotographic shutter, the combination Wit the movable shutter-blades,

master member arranged to move freely relatively to the exposuremember when operated in one direction, and causing the positive operation of the exposure member when moved in the opposite direction, and a stop acting directly on the exposure me ber for controlling its movement.

6. In a photographicshutter, the combination with the movable shutter-blades, and spring-actuated exposure member normally operating to close-the blades, of-a master freely relatively to the exposure member when operated in one direction, and operating the exposure member to open the blades when moved in the opposite direction, and'a controlling-stop adapted to ooeperate with said exposure member when the latter is operating to close the blades.

7. In-a photographic shutter, the combination with the movable shutter-blades, and

- an exposure member for operating them, of

an operating member-,a master member actuated by the operating member and arranged to cooperate with the exposure member tooperate it, and

operating member and cooperating with the exposure member for controlling the operation of the latter.

8-. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the movable shutter-blades, and.

a spring-actuated exposure member normally operating to close the blades, of a master member for operating the exposure member to open the blades, an operating member'arranged tocoeperate ,with the master member, and a movable stop controlled by the operating member and coeperatingwith the exposure member for preventing operationof theexposure member to close the blades.

9. In-a photographic shutter, the combination-with the movable shutter-blades, and a spring-actuated exposure member for operatin the blades, of a master member for opcrat ng the exposure member in one direction only, and a movable stop arranged to move,

into the path of the exposure member to con' trolits operation'in theopposite direction.

10. =Ina-photographic shutter, d

of a'master member for operatmg the exposure member against its spring, "an operating member for actuating t e master member, and a movable stop arranged to move into and out of the path of the exposure member under the control of the operating member for preventing opera tion of the exposure-member in the opposite direction.

and' an exposure member for operating them, of a the combia stop controlled by the when the parts are moved relatively in one,

direction, and'causing their positive operation when moved in the opposite direction, and timing-stops arranged to cooperate with Said ex osure member. Y

12. n a photographic shutter, the combination with the movable shutter-blades, and a s ring-actuated exposure member nor- .mal y operating to close the blades, having a lateral projection thereon formed with an incline thereon, of a pivoted master member having a portion arranged to pass over the incline of the projection when the parts are moved relatively in one direction,- and cansing the positive operation and release of the parts when moved in the opposite direction,

. and an exposure-controlling stop arranged to cooperate with said exposure member precedmg'its release. I

13. In a photographic shutter, the combi nationwith the movable shutterblades, and a member for operating'the m, of means for controlling the o eration of the blades embodying a air 0 movable stops having recesses of diflerent' lengths extending transversely of the direction of movement of the stops, and a projection adjustable in the direction of the lengths of said recesses and adapted to enter and leave the latter during the operation of the stops by a relative movementin the direction of the lengths of the said recesses.

' 14. In a photographic shutter, the combi-' nation with the movable shutter-blades, and a member for operating them, of devices for controlling the operation of the blades embodying a pair of pivoted stops normally op-.

erating'to revent closing of the shutterblades and having cut-away ortions of different lengths extending su stantially radially of the stops, and a projection capable of being adjusted in diflerent positions relatively to the stops and their cut-away portions and arranged to enter the latter by a movement in the direction of their lengths for controlling the operation of the stops.

15. In a photographic shutter, the combi 53-nation4vith the movable shutter-blades, of

pivoted operating1 'aving portions t ereon normally operated toward each other, and asto interposed between'the saidportions of the members for controlling the operation of one of them.

16. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the movable shutter-blades, a

, spring-actuated exposure menib'er normally operating to close ther'blades, and a spring and exposure members close the shutter-blades, of controlling devices for the blades embodying a pair 01' pivoted'stops operating between the operating ing a recess therein to receive a portion of the operating member while the stop is cooperating with the exposure member to retain the latter in opened position.

18; In a photographic shutter, the combination with the movable shutter-blades, a spring-actuated exposure member normally cooperating to close the blades, a master member arranged to cooperate with the exposure member to open the blades, and an operating member arranged to cooperate with the master member when in normal position to operate it and having a projection thereon of controlling devices for the exposure member embodying a pivoted stop having a portion arranged to move into the path of the ex osure member to prevent closing, said stop eing provided with a recess'to receive-the projection and thus to permit the partial return of the operatingmember to normal position-while the opposite end of the stop cooperates with the exposure member.

19. In a photo raphic shutter, the combination with mova le shutter-blades, a pivoted exposure member normally operating to close them having a projection thereon, and an operating member having a projection thereon, of controlling'devices for the expoing a heel at one end to engage the ro ection of the exposure member when the atter is in thereto arranged ,to cooperate with the pro:

latter is in position to close .the blades, a notch or recess being formed i n.the opposite end of the stop to receive the projection of the operating member to' arrest the latters motion while the heel of the stop en ages the projection of the exposure mem' er, the notched or recessed portion of the stop being held out of engagement with the projection the stop engaging at the side ofthe projectionof the exposure member.

20. In a photographic shutter, the combispring-actuated exposure member normally nation with the movable blades, the pivoted pp'erating .to closethem, a spring-actuated.

and exposure members, one of the stops havsure member embodying a pivoted stop hav- IIO open position, and an abutment adjacent je'ction of the exposure member when the.

of the operating-member by the abutment of.

lease the master member, of controlling demaster member arranged to cooperate with controlling the operation of the shutter the exposure member to open the blades and blades independently of the master member.

release the exposure member by a, continuous operation of the master member and an op- RUDOLPH KLEIN l/Vitnesses:

erating member arranged to operate and re- G. WILLARD RIoH,

"vices acting upon the exposure member for} CLARENCE A. BATEMAN. 

